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Constitution of the Internal Complaints Committee (ICC) under the POSH Act: Roles, Structure, and Responsibilities

The Prevention of Sexual Harassment ( POSH ) Act, 2013, was enacted to address workplace sexual harassment in India and mandates every organization to establish an Internal Complaints Committee (ICC). The ICC plays a pivotal role in ensuring a safe and harassment-free work environment. Its primary responsibility is to investigate complaints of sexual harassment, ensure a fair inquiry, and recommend appropriate action. In this article, we will explore the structure, composition, and responsibilities of the ICC, along with the legal requirements governing its formation and operation. 1. Legal Mandate for the ICC under the POSH Act Under the POSH Act, every employer is legally required to establish an Internal Complaints Committee (ICC) in the workplace to handle complaints of sexual harassment. This obligation applies to any organization with 10 or more employees. The ICC must be constituted at every branch or office location where the employee headcount meets this threshold. Failure to

Status of Local Committee formation under POSH.

According to Section 6(1) of the Act, "Every District Officer shall constitute in the district concerned a committee to be known as the "Local Complaints Committee" to receive sexual harassment complaints from establishments where the Internal Committee has not been formed because it has fewer than ten employees or if the complaint is against the employer himself."

The Local Complaints Committee was changed to become the Local Committee in May 2016, broadening its mandate from merely handling complaints to one that requires it to act proactively to combat sexual harassment.

According to a report by the Martha Farrell Foundation, POSH policies are not generally being followed to its fullest extent (2018). In accordance with this research, 655 districts had 56 percent of requests for data sets from operating Local Committees ignored. Only 29% of districts claimed to have created LCs, and 15% of those districts still hadn't done so.

43% of respondents from the unorganized sector said they had at least once felt uneasy around a coworker. It is crucial to recognize the part stigma plays. The stigmatization of women increases with their level of marginalization, and many may not have the backing of their families to come forward and report workplace sexual harassment.

The Local Committee has the potential to sustain the spirit of the Vishakha principles through efficient execution. Since 95% of women in India's workforce are employed in the unorganized sector, strengthening the LC's operations would help the country's deeply ingrained patriarchal systems while ensuring institutional accountability.

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